Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an integrated system of smart meters, communications networks, and data management systems that enables two-way communication between utilities and customers.

Building automation and control (BAC) use cases involve distributed control systems designed to monitor and control the mechanical, security, fire and flood safety, lighting, HVAC, and ventilation systems in a building.

Building energy management systems (BEMS) are integrated computerized systems to monitor and control a building's energy usage.

Continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS) measure flow, dust, and the concentration of air pollutants.

Edge computing and edge intelligence shifts data processing, computing applications, and services away from centralized cloud based servers to the edges of a network.

Fleet management is an administrative approach that allows companies to organize and coordinate work vehicles to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and provide compliance with government regulations.

Indoor air quality monitoring (IAQ) is carried out to assess the extent of pollution, ensure compliance with national or local legislation, evaluate pollution control options, and provide data for air quality modeling.

A microgrid is a localized group of electricity sources and loads that normally operates connected to and synchronous with the traditional wide area synchronous grid, but can also disconnect to island mode and function autonomously as physical or economic conditions dictate.

Predictive maintenance is a technique that uses condition-monitoring sensors and machine learning or rules based algorithms to track the performance of equipment during normal operation and detect possible defects before they result in failure.

Smart city operations include the range of solutions required to enable smart city concepts by integrating information and communication technology with senors and connected devices to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services.